The prostate is composed of three zones of glandular tissue made of stromal and epithelial cells. The three zones are known as the transition, central, and peripheral zones. The prostate is attached superiorly to the bladder neck and inferiorly bound by the urogenital diaphragm, and posteriorly it is next to the rectum and the anterior surface lies against the pubis.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an increase in epithelial and stromal cells in the periurethral area leading to the use of the current term “hyperplasia” versus “hypertrophy” in previous literature. The exact mechanism of the hyperplastic development is not certain but may be caused by epithelial and stromal proliferation or caused by impairment in programmed cell death leading to the cellular hyperplasia . Testicular androgens are necessary for the development of BPH. Patients castrated prior to puberty or with impaired androgen productions do not develop BPH. At the end of puberty, the prostate gland is approximately 26 g and maintains that weight unless BPH develops. More recent studies are suggesting a role of inflammatory cells in the development of BPH. Activated T cells which are capable of producing and secreting growth factors have been found in BPH in humans. These factors may be contributing to stromal and glandular prostatic growth.
prostatitis remedies for moderate-to-severe BPH symptoms include α-blockers and 5-α reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) or a combination of the two classes of medication. Recent studies have investigated three other drug classes, antimuscarinics,β3-adrenoceptor agonists, and 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5i) in the treatment of LUTS in BPH when urine storage problems exist (Silva and Silva 2014 ).
Currently five α-blockers, doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin, alfuzosin, and silodosin are available to treat BPH. However, there are no long-term clinically effective medications. The most common side effects of α-blockers are dizziness, headache, asthenia, postural hypotension, rhinitis, sexual dysfunction, and retrograde ejaculation.
Many patients will seek conserved therapy for mild-to-moderate symptoms of BPH, Chinese herbal medicine, Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill has been suggested by doctors. Although the duration of treatment ranges from four to six months, BPH can be completely cured no side effects.
