epididymitis is infection of the epididymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle, in which sperms get matured and stored. Infection of this part presents with the onset of testicular pain. A lump is often found at the top of the testes. The condition is often accompanied by swelling, redness, and warmth in the scrotal area. Fever can be present. Sometimes, epididymitis can be related to
orchitis in which the inflammation spreads to the testicles.
Infection is the most common cause - bacterial infection accounts for over 80% cases. There are two distinct methods of getting Epididymitis; one which are sexually transmitted and the other which are transmitted by Coliforms (organisms living in intestines).
For men who are below 39 years of age,
chlamydia Trachomatis and Neisseria
gonorrhea (responsible for sexually transmitted diseases Chlamydia and Gonorrhea respectively) are main organisms affecting up to 50% - 60% people.
For men who are more than 39 years of age, Coliforms become the causative organisms. The specific organism is Escherichia Coli, residing in intestine and giving rise to bladder infections. The transmission of E.Coli may happen during anal inter course or in case of sex with homosexuals. It can also be due to any birth related abnormality, which manifests in the form of urinal tract disorders.
Other microbes having very less presence are Ureaplasma, Mycobacterium (main causative organism for Orchitis) and Cytomegalovirus or Salmonella species in patients suffering from HIV.
Treatment of epididymitis is usually by antibiotics if an infection is suspected. The treatment of choice is often azithromycin and cefixime to cover both gonorrhoea and chlamydia. But antibiotics often can't cure epididymitis completely. Once epididymitis becomes chronic, herbal medicine is a better choice.
Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill is the best herbal medicine to treat chronic epididymitis in three months.
